In the world of racing, two series are worthy of taking their places at the top. Formula 1 and IndyCar are both premier open-wheel, single-seater racing championships. Both strive to be the best motorsport challenge. So, I’m not an old Indy fan, but as a Formula 1 devotee with years of experience, I was interested in how far they differ, so I decided to make an IndyCar vs. F1 comparison on their key points. But which is the ultimate? Here are my insights.

IndyCar vs. F1: Which One Has The Most Heritage?

So, Formula 1 has distinctly European roots, while IndyCar relates to being an American racing sport, causing the heritage of these two to be quite different. How do you think which series was first, IndyCar or Formula 1? 

You wonder, but IndyCar launched almost 40 years earlier than Formula 1! F1 started with the inaugural British Grand Prix at Silverstone in 1950, while IndyCar began with the first race at Indianapolis Motor Speedway, Indianapolis 500, in 1911.

So, one point to IndyCar in the comparison. 

However, the first F1 race gathered almost two times more spectators. 

The British Grand Prix had upward of 120,000 people audience, including His Royal Highness King George VI, Queen Elizabeth, Princess Margaret, and guests Lord and Lady Mountbatten.   

The first Indianapolis 500 brought 90,000 spectators worldwide who packed the track to see 40 cars speed around a 2.5-mile circuit 200 times.  

Thus, one point to Formula 1.

Formula 1 racing heritage is attached to many legendary, world-famous racing drivers, such as Juan Manuel Fangio, Ayrton Senna, and Michael Schumacher.  

IndyCar racing is famous for no less legendary drivers like A.J. Foyt, Mario Andretti, and Scott Dixon, who became the pride of the sport.  

See, how differently do these make marks in the sport’s history? Going further.  

Formula 1 relates to fierce rivalries and daring overtakes, while IndyCar is to courageous competitions and close finishes, and both have enduring appeal. Therefore, plus one point to each one under the racing heritage: 2 points IndyCar vs. F1 – 2 points.

Formula 1 Cars vs. Indy Cars: Which One Is Better?

Frankly speaking, this is the most challenging branch of the topic because the cars of both series are so technologically ideal that you can compare them to works of art, just by different authors, no less. 

Furthermore, Formula 1 cars and IndyCar cars are sharpened for contrasting purposes. So, it is better to focus on their differences rather than similarities.

Thus, the main difference between IndyCar and F1 cars is their design. IndyCar’s ten teams share the same chassis – Dallara DW12 and aerodynamic kit. Chevrolet and Honda provide the engines. 

In contrast, the ten teams in Formula 1 have more unique designs. Ferrari, Mercedes, and Renault participate in the championship and supply engines to other teams, while Honda only furnishes power units for Red Bull and AlphaTauri.

To ensure the safety of F1 drivers, the Halo protects them from head injuries, while their fellows from the IndyCar Series have gone with a combination of the Halo and a Red Bull-developed ‘aeroscreen’.

Overall, in both series, there is space for the teams to be more competitive in racing by developing new components. 

To one point to each championship: 3 points IndyCar vs. F1 car 3 points.

However, IndyCar vehicles are robust and withstand close-contact racing, while F1 cars feature advanced aerodynamics and state-of-the-art materials. 

Let’s dig deeper and focus on the performance of the different cars, comparing F1 and IndyCar horsepower, specs, and speed.

How Much Horsepower Does An IndyCar Have Compared To F1?

With a 2.2-liter V6 twin-turbocharged engine producing 550-750 horsepower, IndyCar goes from 0-60 mph in 2.8 seconds and 0 -200 mph in about 8 seconds. 

Despite the 1.6-liter V6 turbocharged hybrid engine coupled with MGU-H and MGU-K units, producing 750 – 1000 horsepower, the F1 car, compared to IndyCar, reaches the same faster in 2.6 seconds and about 4 seconds, respectively. How is this possible, you may ask?

The answer lies in the aerodynamics. The specific designs generate immense Formula 1 cars’ downforce of up to 10%, allowing them to corner very fast, which you can read about in the F1 car’s speed insights. 

Formula 1 gets one more point: 3 points IndyCar vs. F1 car – 4 points.

Which Has Better Size And Weight?

Size and weight are crucial car features in any motorsport, so the ideal expression is the lighter and smaller vehicle is the better. How do you think which one is closer to the ideal? 

Yes, it’s IndyCar. It is almost 100 kg lighter than a Formula 1 car! With a weight of 710 kg (1500 lbs.), it is also more compact: 5.1 meters in length by 1.9 meters in width. Cars in Formula 1 are 5.63m in length, 2m wide, and 95cm tall, weighing 798kg (1,759 lbs.) as the minimum threshold.

F1 cars are equipped with 18-inch Pirelli tires, racing at fuel with 10% ethanol, and a tank holds 28.6 gallons. On the other hand, IndyCar vehicles are shooed with 15-inch Firestone/Firehawk tires racing at E85 fuel (85% ethanol), and a tank holds 18.5 gallons.

IndyCar gets an extra point for its super shape cars: 4 points IndyCar vs. F1 – 4 points.

However, my IndyCar vs. F1 cars comparison wouldn’t be the ultimate without the main issue answer: which is faster?

Is An IndyCar Faster Than An F1 Car?

So, which car do you think is faster, F1 or IndyCar? You may ask, but the question doesn’t have a direct answer because both are quick but in different ways. 

Let’s start out subtly to put everything in order.

The IndyCar’s highest speed record was fixed in qualifying for the Indy 500 in 1996 by Aerie Luyendyk, who reached over 381 km/h (237 mph). 

The official speed record in Formula 1 is 9 km/h slower than in IndyCar. Juan Pablo Montoya reached 372.6km/h (231.52mph) in qualifying for the Italian Grand Prix 2005.

These are the facts from the past. Recently, Álex Palou took the pole for the 2023 Indy 500 with 377 km/h (234 mph), while in Formula 1, the speed of the drivers rarely reached 356 km/h.   

Seems evident that IndyCar is faster than Formula 1, right? Yes, and not. The devil is in the detail.

The situation changes if you look at the Circuit of the Americas (COTA), where IndyCar and Formula 1 raced in 2019. 

In qualifying, with an average speed of 186.349 km/h, IndyCar driver Will Power took the pole for 1m46.018s, while Formula 1 driver Valtteri Bottas finished almost 15 seconds faster! He poled for 1m32.029s, racing an average of 206.374 km/h. 

The difference between speeds in IndyCar and Formula 1 repeats in terms of race. So, in the United States Grand Prix, Ferrari driver set the official COTA lap record for 1m36.169s on lap 44, while Harding Steinbrenner Racing driver Colton Herta passed the 54th lap at the fastest time – 1m48.895s. It is over 10 seconds slower than in Formula 1.

In both cases, Formula 1 cars go faster than IndyCar despite their maximal speed advantage. Why it happens? You wonder, but the cause is the same. It’s the aerodynamics of F1 cars. 

Their better downforce and acceleration allow cars in Formula 1 to pass the corners faster than IndyCar. 

Now, you know the IndyCar is faster than F1 in terms of top speed, while F1 cars perform better at the overall lap because they complete the lap over 10 seconds faster than IndyCar cars. Therefore, plus one more point to each series: 5 points IndyCar vs. F1 Car 5 points.

G-forces In Formula 1 And IndyCar: Where Is The Most?

Although no one noticed this point, after digging into the car’s specs, I was interested in where more g-force comes from? Thinking ahead, I was sure that IndyCar is about more g-force impact because the car’s top speed is higher. Do you think I was right? No.

Again, let’s start with the details. 

The highest-ever g-force impact in IndyCar was recorded in 2003 at Texas Motor Speedway when Kenny Bräckpeaking suffered 214 g. The highest-ever g-force in Formula 1 occurred in the Japanese Grand Prix in 2014, when Jules Bianchi got an impact of 254 g.

The g-force difference between IndyCar and Formula 1 is evident these days too.

Thus, the average load in IndyCar is about 5.38 g, and an additional 2.26 g in the lateral acceleration jumps, while F1 drivers experience about 6gs load: 5g while braking and 2g while accelerating.

However, why does Formula 1 have more g-force loads than IndyCar? Again, better aerodynamics allow it to brake faster. It is more rough racing.

Furthermore, Formula 1 is safer than IndyCar and gets my additional point: 5 points IndyCar vs. Formula 1 – 6 points.

IndyCar vs. F1 pit stop: Which is More Technological? 

Also, pit stops in Formula 1 are more technological, causing them to be much faster than in IndyCar. So, the time a car spends in the pit takes around 2,8 seconds in Formula 1, while IndyCar stops may take between 6 and 10 seconds. 

Moreover, the record of the shortest-ever stop is held by Red Bull Racing. The team served Max Verstappen for eye-blinked 1.82s on the 2019 Brazilian Grand Prix. It is five times quicker, and Formula 1 gets one more point to be technologically advanced: 5 points IndyCar vs. Formula 1 – 7 points.

IndyCar And F1 Drivers: Who Are The Better Racers?

So, IndyCar and F1 racing both demand exceptional racing skills and, as it becomes a tradition of this post, differently. In driving skills, as we clarified, IndyCar requires racers to endure top speeds, while Formula 1 binds to cope with g-forces, although the technical approach of both is distinct, as they prioritize different aspects of racing. Let’s delve deeper. 

Are F1 Drivers Better Than IndyCar Drivers?

IndyCar drivers need to excel at close-quarters racing and navigate through traffic, maintaining high speeds. Because overtaking is a crucial aspect of IndyCar, racers must seize every opportunity to gain an advantage.

In contrast, the ability to push the car to its limits while maintaining control is a hallmark of F1 drivers. So, precision and consistency are keys in Formula 1. The racers must hit their marks accurately, as even the slightest mistake can cost them valuable time in racing strategy, which makes more sense in Formula 1 than in IndyCar. 

Thus, F1 drivers must be adept at managing tire wear and fuel consumption, while their fellows in IndyCar focus on the racing battles, because IndyCar is more competitive, filled with the wheel-to-wheel battle.

So, there are two absolutely different racing approaches, but does it mean that F1 drivers are better than IndyCar drivers? Absolutely, not, but the difference between drivers is still to be.

Which is harder, Indy or F1? Max Verstappen once noted it would be better to watch than to race in IndyCar. It is a bit harder than Formula 1 because the driver controls more settings. 

For example, F1 uses power steering, which is not a feature of IndyCar Series cars. As a result, drivers have to take on the extra burden of manually steering their cars, making the task more laborious.  

Can IndyCar Drivers Go to F1?

The F1 drivers can go to IndyCar and feel themself comfortable. Thus, such former F1 drivers as Alexander Rossi, Marcus Ericsson, Takuma Sato, and Romain Grosjean successfully switched to IndyCar. Moreover, Sato won the Indianapolis 500 two times, and Ericsson became the second Swedish driver to win the Indianapolis 500. 

IndyCar drivers can go to F1, but in my opinion, they are unlikely to be successful. That’s why Alex Palou, Colton Herta, and Pato O’Ward still don’t get their chance in F1. 

Why is that? Simply because Formula 1 is more demanding but less competitive, where the skills of IndyCar drivers lose their power. However, plus one point to IndyCar and F1 drivers: 6 and 8 points respectively.

Money Issue: IndyCar vs. F1 Costs

This is another difficult topic, so let’s break it down into two main points: salaries and car costs.

What is more expensive, IndyCar or Formula 1?

You wonder, but racing in IndyCar is over ten times cheaper than Formula 1! IndyCar programs can run up to about $10 million per car, while in Formula 1, teams design, develop, and test their vehicles with a cost cap of $135 million per two-car team in a year.

Is that good or bad? On the one hand, such numbers are significant for cutting-edge technologies, but the other side is the problematic appearance of new teams in Formula 1.

Since motorsports should ideally be very competitive, I think it is fair to give Indy a plus one point: 7 points IndyCar vs. F1 – 8 points.

IndyCar Vs. F1 Salary: Who Is Paid More?

There are no surprises here. The average IndyCar driver’s salary is about $750,000 – the same as a Formula 1 rookie. That’s how much Yuki Tsunoda earned for the 2023 season in Alpha Tauri, not including additional contract sponsorship bonuses. 

However, what about the champion’s income? By different estimations, six-time IndyCar series champion Scott Dixon makes $3 -$12 million, which made him the third highest-paid sports personality in New Zealand. Comparing it with Formula 1, Dixon makes the same as Sergio Perez ($ 10 million) or Carlos Sainz ($ 12 million), while both are just sixth and seventh, respectively, of highly paid F1 driver ranking for the 2023 season.

So, in contrast, F1 drivers can make almost ten times more than IndyCar drivers! Lewis Hamilton is the highest-paid driver. Recently, his contracts with Mercedes had been estimated at $50 – $76 million per 2020 season. Despite Max Verstappen’s salary increase over the years, Hamilton sets the tone, and many experts point out that his contract with Ferrari implies a $100 million fee. 

Thus, plus one more point to Formula 1, as it is really about outstanding salaries: 7 points for IndyCar vs. 9 points for Formula 1.

IndyCar vs. Formula 1: The Difference In Racing Destinations

The 2024 IndyCar schedule includes 18 races, starting on the streets of St. Petersburg, Fla., in March and finishing in Lebanon, Tennessee in September, while the 2024 Formula1 schedule includes 24 races worldwide, starting with the Bahrain Grand Prix in March and finishing with the Abu Dhabi GP in November.  

IndyCar has 45 courses available, consisting of 24 ovals, 10 road courses, 10 street circuits, and a combined road configuration. The tracks are situated in both the United States and Canada. The average length of the courses is 350 miles. In IndyCar oval races, no time constraint applies, and drivers race to a specific pre-set length, while for road or street course events, a two-hour limit is typically used.

Formula 1 racing has been held on 77 circuits in 34 countries, including Asia, Europe, the Middle East, the Americas, and Australia, but IndyCar remains almost exclusively within the United States, apart from a single event in Canada. However, F1 racing circuits include street courses, road tracks, race circuits, and hybrid courses. Compared to IndyCar, the F1 race is shorter and runs for 190 miles or two hours.

IndyCar primarily races on oval tracks, such as the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, where high-speed straights and banked turns provide a unique challenge for drivers. Thus, the Indianapolis 500, Laguna Seca, Long Beach, St. Petersburg, and Road America are the most popular IndyCar races. So, the close proximity of the cars on these tracks often leads to wheel-to-wheel racing and thrilling overtakes. 

From this perspective, each discipline is good in a unique way and gets one more point: 8 points for IndyCar vs. 10 points for Formula 1.

Fans Experiences In IndyCar And Formula 1

Motorsport without its fans is not a sport, agreed? 

However, the IndyCar and Formula 1 fans’ experiences are very different, if not the opposite. 

Thus, IndyCar is closer to its fans. Their Paddock is open to the public, allowing devotees to interact with favorite drivers, collect autographs, and experience behind-the-scenes action. 

Moreover, IndyCar races often have a festival-like atmosphere, with concerts and other entertainment options available to fans. 

In contrast, Formula 1 is closed and offers a more exclusive and luxurious experience. The Formula 1 Paddock’s Club is a closed field, allowing restricted team members and VIPs, creating an air of exclusivity around the sport.

The fan experience in Formula 1 can be characterized by a combination of sophistication and spectacle, with state-of-the-art facilities and extravagant hospitality options. 

However, F1 is often too far away from its fans, compared to IndyCar. There is another point in favor of the American series: 9 points for IndyCar vs. 10 points for F1.

Comparing Tickets Prices And Availability

As for the tickets, the price difference between Formula 1 and IndyCar can reach 100 times! Such a difference is explained by the final frame of the price. IndyCar’s hospitality tickets are cheaper than in Formula 1 overall, where Paddock’s club tickets may reach tens of thousands of dollars.

Thus, in 2023, the F1 ticket price started at $254 and varied at $1200 on average, while the IndyCar series tickets the same year price started at $137 and varied at an average of $300. 

I also wondered about the difference in attendance between the two series. The IndyCar race attendance is 48%, while the F1 race attendance is only 19%. It is two times less! I think ticket prices play a worthy role, although the official motorsport report points to geographical reasons.

So let’s be honest, Formula 1 could be more attractive to its fans and cheaper in ticket price, so IndyCar gets an additional point: 10 points IndyCar vs. Formula 1 – 10 points.  

Is F1 Or IndyCar More Popular?

When I decided to compare the popularity of IndyCar and F1, my first thought was that it was unfair because F1 is a world championship while IndyCar is a North American series. However, after digging deep into statistical data and insights, I found some interesting details you need to know to complete your final perspective on the comparison.

Based on the 2023 Management Report by Motorsport Network, Formula 1 is the most-followed motorsport series worldwide. The championship is followed by 85% of all fans, while the IndyCar Series sets just 4th.  

Most F1 fans are from Europe (55%) and the Americas (36%), while IndyCar has 70% fans and is the 2nd most followed series after Formula 1 in the Americas.

But let’s take a closer look. Indycar viewership in 2023 was composed of 1.32 million viewers, while Formula 1 was less, 1.11 million. 

The IndyCars’ most popular Indianapolis 500 reached a record for 4.93 million viewers across NBC and Peacock, while F1 Miami Grand Prix 2023 now holds in the top three, reaching 3.6 million viewers across ESPN, which is still less. 

Moreover, the Indycar record attendance was fixed at the Indianapolis 500 in 2023. A single-day crowd of more than 330,000, while record attendance in Formula 1 was fixed in Great Britain at Silverstone and composed 480,000. 

See?

With over 70 million viewers worldwide, Formula 1 is more popular than IndyCar, but in America, Indy outperforms. In some ways, Formula 1 has a bigger audience, but IndyCar’s fan base is more dedicated.

Therefore, plus one more point to each series: 11 points IndyCar vs. Formula 1 – 11 points.   

Takeaways

And the winner is… both!

So which is better, IndyCar or Formula 1? The truth is that it is impossible to answer quickly and definitely. As you can see, it depends on facts that are hidden from the overall view. 

Thus, at first glance, F1 is better than IndyCar, but at every point in the comparison, there are tiny details that can quickly change your mind.

Even though IndyCar and F1 cars are ideally designed, they are very different. Formula 1 cars are more powerful but massive and bulky than their IndyCar counterparts. 

IndyCar is faster than F1 in terms of top speed but slower in overall car performance, as we found out at the COTA circuit, where both raced in 2019. 

Another detail is that g-forces in Formula 1 are higher, but IndyCar is a more risky sport. Notwithstanding this, IndyCar drivers make ten times less money than their comrades in Formula 1. So, the high-paid IndyCar champions get the same salary as F1 rookie drivers.

In terms of driving skills, IndyCar is harder than F1, but due to the loads, Formula 1 is challenging for IndyCar drivers to start their careers, while former F1 drivers are often successful in IndyCar. 

Details are everywhere in the F1 vs. IndyCar comparison because even Formula 1 is about the highest salaries, it is almost 100 times more expensive, while IndyCar is more competitive and closer to the fans, but at the same time, Formula 1 proves its status of elite sport. 

So, even though both tickets start at almost the same price – $150, there is no limit in Formula 1, and the average cost is 4 times higher than in IndyCar, but at the same time, the latter covers America, while Formula 1 is worldwide.

Therefore, F1 has a bigger audience than IndyCar. However, IndyCar is more popular when it comes to quantity and attendance in America.

So, the choice between IndyCar and F1 racing comes from personal preference. Some fans may prefer the raw excitement of IndyCar, while others may be drawn to the sophistication and glamour of Formula 1. 

…. So that is how I found a new championship to follow.

But regardless of which series reigns supreme, there’s no denying that IndyCar and F1 both hold a special place in the hearts of motorsports enthusiasts, and the rivalry between the two only adds to the excitement and passion of the sport.

So this is your time to compare. Which is better for you, or if the merger of F1 and IndyCar will finally create the ultimate motorsport? Feel free to leave your comments below.

References and Helpful Resources

• Motor Sport magazine, by James Elson, ‘Why are F1 cars so big and heavy? The plan to shrink single-seaters‘ https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/articles/single-seaters/f1/why-are-f1-cars-so-big/  (May 9, 2023)
• IndyStar, by Scott Horner ‘Here are the key differences between F1 and IndyCar’ https://www.indystar.com/story/sports/motor/2023/03/23/indycar-vs-formula-one-drivers-car-size-salary-popularity-costs/69995865007/ (March 23, 2023)
• Motorsport, by Anna Duxbury ‘F1 VS INDYCAR: WHICH IS FASTER, HORSEPOWER, ASSISTS AND MORE COMPARED‘ https://www.motorsport.com/indycar/news/f1-vs-indycar-which-faster/6512720/ (May 22, 2023)
• Indianapolis Monthly, by Arie Luyendyk ‘Arie Luyendyk on Driving Faster Than Anyone—Ever—at Indy’ https://www.indianapolismonthly.com/arts-and-culture/sports/arie-luyendyk/ (May 27, 2016)
• Red Bull, by James W Roberts ‘Aston Martin Red Bull Racing have the fastest F1 pit crew on Earth‘ https://www.redbull.com/int-en/red-bull-record-pit-stop (November 19, 2019)
• Wikipedia, ‘Circuit of the Americas’ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_of_the_Americas (2024)
• Wikipedia, ‘2019 IndyCar Classic’ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_IndyCar_Classic (2024)
• Wikipedia, ‘2019 United States Grand Prix’ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_United_States_Grand_Prix (2024)
• Wikipedia, ‘Álex Palou’ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81lex_Palou (2024)
•  Wikipedia, ‘Kenny Bräck’ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenny_Br%C3%A4ck (2024)
• Guinness World Records,’ Highest g force endured – non-voluntary https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/67617-highest-g-force-endured-non-voluntary (2024)
• Autosport, by Anna Duxbury and Joe Holding ‘How fast is an F1 car? Top speeds of F1, IndyCar, MotoGP and more’ https://www.autosport.com/f1/news/how-fast-is-an-f1-car-top-speeds-of-f1-indycar-motogp-and-more-4980734/4980734/ (November 23, 2022)
• Flow Racers, by Rich Opong ‘Is F1, IndyCar Or NASCAR The Most Dangerous?’ https://flowracers.com/blog/f1-indycar-nascar-most-dangerous/ (April 3, 2022) 
• Car Throttle, by Phill Tromans, ‘F1 Vs IndyCar: The Differences Explained‘ https://www.carthrottle.com/news/f1-vs-indycar-differences-explained (May 13, 2024)
• Planet F1, by Toby Miles ‘Which drivers are paid the most? F1, IndyCar and NASCAR salaries revealed‘ https://www.planetf1.com/news/f1-indycar-nascar-salaries-revealed (May 28, 2023)
• Crash.Net, by Connor McDonagh ‘Revealed: Lewis Hamilton set to earn eye-watering $100m per year at Ferrari‘ https://www.crash.net/f1/news/1043990/1/revealed-lewis-hamilton-set-earn-eye-watering-100m-year-ferrari (February 2, 2024)
• RACER magazine, by Andrew Crask ‘Nearly 5 million viewers for Indy 500‘ https://racer.com/2023/05/30/nearly-5-million-viewers-for-indy-500/ (May 30, 2023)
• Sports Business Journal, by Adam Stern, ‘IndyCar sees gains in viewership and other metrics, but are the upticks coming fast enough?‘ https://www.sportsbusinessjournal.com/Articles/2023/09/18/motorsports (September 18, 2023)
• Forbes, by Bruce Martin ‘NBC Sports Delivers Most Watched IndyCar Series Season In 12 Years‘ https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucemartin/2023/09/13/nbc-sports-delivers-most-watched-indycar-series-season-in-12-years/?sh=47a8f2fa56fe (September 13, 2023)
• Formula 1, ‘Miami Grand Prix attracts F1’s largest live‘ https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article/miami-grand-prix-attracts-f1s-largest-live-audience-in-united-states.1TZioGIIUvFHEEsQ7qz304 (May 7, 2024)
• Statista Research Department ‘Formula 1 weekend attendance 2023, by circuit’ https://www.statista.com/statistics/271306/formula-1-revenue-in-2009-by-sector/ (April 16, 2024)
• ESPN Press Room, by Andy Hall ‘Formula 1 2023 Season on ESPN Platforms Ends as Second Most-Viewed Ever on U.S. Television‘ https://espnpressroom.com/us/press-releases/2023/11/formula-1-2023-season-on-espn-platforms-ends-as-second-most-viewed-ever-on-u-s-television/ (November 29, 2023)
• Motorsport Network, Elite Motorsport in 2023, Global fan insight into the world’s premier motorsport championships, Management Report, https://cdn-1.motorsportnetwork.com/survey/2023/Elite%20Motorsport%20in%202023%20(1).pdf (January 2023)